Posted on 26/08/2024 at 11:41

30 Years!

Micro birthday post today... On that day of August 1994, I became Elvira's owner!
See you in 2034 for the 40th birthday? icone smiley wink
Posted in : 1959 Beetle
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Posted on 31/07/2024 at 15:35

Workshop organization : hardware trolley

Hardware Trolley
In nearly 40 years of various DIY projects, I have accumulated a bunch of various storage boxes, for my screws, bolts, washers, dowels, terminals, etc. Obviously boxes of all sizes, making them difficult to organize and store, not mentioning find your way around easily.
It was time to find new...

Organizers

I finally decided to invest a bit, and I replaced all my boxes (some of them I had since my teenage years!) with cases/organizers from AUER Packaging 40x30cm, featuring removable interior compartments.
It's a beautiful product, very good quality, and even if it's not cheap, it's still much cheaper than an equivalent Sortimmo for example.

AUER offers them in different sizes, with assortments of different compartments inside, and in standardized dimensions, stackable on my Euro standard storage bins of the same brand.
You can even customize them if you have a 3D printer, you can find specific compartments to print on Thingiverse and Printables.
This is free advertising, I'm not sponsored by them... But if by any chance AUER Packaging you're reading this... icone smiley winkicone smiley laugh

I end up with ten of these organizers... And to be able to store them all, and find what I need easily, I made myself a custom-made trolley.

Design

I start with a design in Sketchup (no surprise if you've already been here): on the front my new organizers, and on the back as many flat trays of the same dimensions. And if necessary later, I can replace all or part of the flat tray with more organizers.
The structure will be in plywood, the organizers and trays being supported by aluminum angles screwed into the sides.

Fabrication

The aluminum angles come from a stock of offcuts bought for cheap on LeBonCoin (the french Craig's List) : €40 for 14kg of ali angles, I have plenty left in stock! The same thing in a DIY store would have cost me an arm, a leg, and my son's soul: there are more than 12 linear meters in all! icone smiley wink

It was a bit boring to do: 36 aluminum angles, to cut then file to size, 54 corners to round, 108 holes to drill then mill and deburr... I was quite relieved when it was finished.icone smiley wink
For the plywood I use 18mm plywood for formwork (film-coated poplar from PointP ).
The reason for this choice is that it is the cheapest plywood I could find, at €70 for a 250x125cm board (price at the time of purchase, it has increased since then)... You had to pay three times that in a DIY store.

The downside is that the boards are not perfect, as they are stored outside, so the edges can be a little delaminated and there is bot of little loss. But it is fine for the workshop and the price is unbeatable.
Cut with a plunge circular saw on a rail, and I screw everything together:
I finished with 4 casters that had been lying around in a box for 15 years, and my new hardware trolley is ready!

Resultat

This trolley slides along the workbench, at the same height, and by moving it I can easily access the milling machine behind.
I use it all the time, and it's fantastic to finally find the bolts/washers/dowels you need right away - I only regret not having done it sooner!

Yeah, I know, it doesn't take much to make me happy right? icone smiley winkicone smiley laugh
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Posted on 30/06/2024 at 07:44

Kitty Injection : 1776 part. 3 : Short Block

1776 / Part. 3
The Short Block
Here's a long-awaited article, as I started writing it over 10 years ago! icone smiley wink Maybe go get yourself before you keep reading buddy, this is gonna be a long one.
Actually, the last episode of this series dates from June 2014 ... Yeah, I'm not exactly an example of speed, right? icone smiley laughicone smiley laugh
As a consequence, those of you with a keen eye will note that some photos were taken in my old workshop , and others in the new one...

Come on, let's not lose hope and continue with the closure of the "Short Block".. It's high time we put all these parts together to make an engine:
I won't lie, I'm getting a little impatient for this engine to run... icone smiley laugh

Metrology & methodology

I get everything I can through metrology on this build, so as to avoid any unpleasant surprises - and to satisfy my OCD. icone smiley laugh
So I'm taking out all my metrology tools collected over the years: micrometers and their calibers, bore comparator, adjustable gauges (not in the photo), calipers, thickness gauges, etc... Well, I know that I'm not doing this in a clean room under controlled temperature, nor with regularly calibrated tools, but within a few hundredths I should be pretty good.
Obviously this requires a bit of organization; to be able to find my measurements easily, and compare them to the VW tolerances, I note everything down in an Excel table (well, actually a Google Sheet). This allows me to access it from anywhere, note the values in the workshop when I measure them, and check the tolerances at a glance.

You can see the result below, or by following this link to have it in full screen: metrology 1776 KG.

I was freely inspired by the Engine Blueprint Specifications Worksheet available on TheSamba to create my file, which I can easily use for my next engine...
At the time of writing these lines the compression ratio is not correct since I haven't taken care of the cylinder heads yet, but I will update the sheet when I do.

Crankshaft

This is a part that I had to chase for almost 7 months because of a not very well-organized parts dealer... In short, fortunately I have a father-in-law in the US to ensure stewardship on this one! Thank you Yves!

So, it's a Scat Volksracer 69mm counterweight crankshaft, "Straight shot" oil galleries and not "cross-drilled", forged in nitrided 4340 chromoly... Beautiful beast.
Although the crankshaft is sold as supposedly already balanced, I still got it balanced myself (at Feller's), with its flywheel and clutch mechanism; the damper pulley had already been balanced on its own. At least I would have a complete line that runs smoothly! (thank you Loïc for lending your crank shipping crate)
The alterations made to the crank by the balancer are not negligible, for a supposedly balanced part... Food for thoughts.
It may be a beautiful piece of engineering, but it still goes through metrology, after a thorough cleaning (acetone to remove storage wax, brake cleaner, and cleaning brush for rifles in the galleries). Result in the spreadsheet above, everything is on point. Next!

Bearings

Each bearing (VW NOS original) is identified with a marked, and its oil groove aligned with its oil supply gallery; in some cases the gallery was half blocked! A touch of paint around the edge of the oil inlet, transfer to the bearing, machining with a pneumatic milling machine, finishing with sandpaper... And that's it.
Okay, now it's a matter of measuring the clearance between the crankshaft and the bearing... In the end, that's what matters, and there are several ways to go about it.

VW recommends a clearance of 0.04mm to 0.10mm on bearings 1 and 3 (wear limit of 0.18mm), and of 0.03mm to 0.09mm on bearing 2 (wear limit of 0.17mm) - a little tighter therefore, normal, it is the central bearing, the one which absorbs the most efforts.
They also recommend 0.05mm to 0.10mm (wear limit of 0.19mm) on bearing 4 (the one which is smaller, on the pulley side), but I am not equipped to measure it; not a problem, it is less vital than the other 3.
Okay, let's move on, we're going to measure these clearances...

First method : find the difference between the inside diameter of the bearing and the diameter of the crankshaft journal. See measurements in the spreadsheet above.
This method works fine I guess, but requires to be very accurate, as measurement errors add up. And when we're talking about hundredths of a millimeter, the temperature of the tool itself can influence - and you can imagine that my garage is not thermoregulated, eh... icone smiley laugh

Second method : we take the minimum diameter on the crank bearing; we block the micrometer on this value, whatever it is, we will not even read it. We will then calibrate the bore comparator to zero using the blocked micrometer: we can then directly measure the bore/bearing clearance with the comparator.
This is my favorite method, the most accurate in my opinion.
Third method : Plastigage.
For those who don't know, it is a sort of soft plastic filament, which you clamp between the crank and the bearing. Then you tighten the case to torque, the filament gets crushed, and you then measure its width using a small scale supplied with the product, to figure out the clearance between the parts.
It’s a vintage method (the product has existed since 1948); not the most accurate in my eyes, and usable only on bearing #2 (bearing in two parts)... But it requires little material and it is easy to implement.
I went through all three methods of measurements and got consistent results, within VW tolerances.
Validated!

Flywheel

On the flywheel side, I keep the one I had original, which I got machined to get it lighter and drilled for 8 dowel pins (reamer finish):
The clutch mechanism is a Kennedy Stage 1; it got a mark after balancing (in yellow) to put it back in the right place at assembly time:

Camshaft & Lifters

The camshaft is an L&G R280 Lobe 108°. To check its characteristics I built a camshaft measuring bench , I'll let you follow this link to check the details.
camwerks DIY bench camshaft lift durationcamwerks DIY bench camshaft lift durationcamwerks DIY bench camshaft lift duration
I use double-shouldered bearings, to have 360° guidance of the camshaft, not just the original factory 180°; however, it is necessary to check the axial play of the camshaft.

On the first assembly, I have zero play, the camshaft is in a sliding fit... No bueno.
Before removing any material from the bearing, I follow the Jake Raby method (see here / thank you Vince for the info): crankcase closed and torqued tight, I tap with a mallet and a brass cylinder on each side of the camshaft to seat the half-bearings #3 (pulley side). I then measure the axial play and...
Disappointment, the play is still at zero. I did follow the method, I hit firmly, but that was not enough...

So we take out the surface plate, 400 grit sandpaper with oil, and we are going to slightly sand down the bearing faces to get the required 0.1mm . To make the operation easier, I made a small tool to align the bearings halves: an old dead camshaft, grinded down to keep only the part on the pulley side.
This allows you to properly align the two half-bearings, and to sand them simultaneously, in a very uniform manner. A bit on one side, we turn the half-bearings, a bit on the other, making figures 8 on the sandpaper... Thanks Laurent for the advice, it works great! icone smiley wink

Going slowly so as not to remove too much material, I remove little by little what is necessary... After the 3rd assembly/disassembly, I have just 0.1mm of axial play, that's all Good! I finish with 600 and 1000 grit sandpaper (with oil) for a smooth surface finish.
Then, a small modification of bearing #1 (flywheel side): originally it partially obstructed the oil return gallery... A cut-off disc on Dremel and 10 seconds later, and the problem is solved (after removing any burrs with a file and fine sandpaper).
Finally, the holes on these #1 half-bearings are not chamfered: a light stroke with a countersink, held at fingertips, solves this. Not that it's mandatory as a modification, but hey, in for a penny... And remember that chamfering is what separates man from beast (I'll pay my round of beers to the one who has the reference).
There you go, after a quick deglazing with a used Jex pad, the bearings are ready.

Connecting rods

These are original VW connecting rods (311B) that I had microblasted, checked and re-sleeved at Feller's.

I then balance their weight, all within a tenth of a gram interval. To remove the bulk of the material I use a paddle disc on an angle grinder (it seems clumsy, but it allows you to work quickly and leave a good surface finish), and I refine with an electric file.
Going through with metrology obviously to check everything... Validated.

Nuts and Bolts

All original bolts (screws, nuts, studs)were cleaned with WD40, then microblasted and reworked with taps/dies (M12x1.5 and M8x1.25).
Everything then goes to cold bluing (Brunifast), mainly for aesthetics (and a little protection against corrosion): careful degreasing (brake degreaser, acetone), 3 minutes in the Brunifast bath (at 20°C min), rinsing with water, drying, and finally a bath in engine oil for at least an hour to set everything.
I had already explained the method in my article on restarting the 181 , I will not detail it further.
For their part, the cylinder head studs are cleaned on the lathe, being careful not to leave a finger there, it's not necessarily a very safe approach!
First cleaning with a scouring sponge and WD40, then a quick sanding with 600 grit, a rotary brush on a drill to clean the bottom of the threads... And finally passing the threads through the die, to ensure a correct reading with the torque wrench when tightening the cylinder heads to torque!
I know, it's a few hours of work here just for hardware... But it's cleaner and it's such a pleasure to assemble afterwards!

Closing the case

FINALLY! icone smiley laughicone smiley laugh

A quick review of the products/compounds used during assembly:
  • Loctite 518: for crankcase assembly planes - the smell is super addictive. icone smiley wink
  • Loctite 577: thread sealant.
  • Loctite 273: normal blue thread lock.
  • RTV silicone: under the washers of the 6 M12 studs
  • Wynn's Super Charge: used as assembly oil, it is very thick, it sticks well to the bearings, limits friction a little during the first assemblies, and will later mix with the engine oil.
  • ZDDP grease: for the camshaft and lifters, to limit wear in the first minutes of engine life.
  • WD40: with a piece of used Jex pad, to clean the crankcase joint surfaces, and deglaze the bearings.
  • Acetone and Brake Cleaner: to clean parts before assembly.
I start by dressing the crankshaft, with the camshaft gear, the spacer, the distributor gear... Heating the gears with a heat gun and it goes on rather easily. On the other hand, I had to file down the spacer to remove 0.5mm, otherwise the clip would not fit... Manufacturing defect of the Scat crank? No impact anyway, I continue.
I continue with the connecting rods, making sure to mount them in the right direction (the "grain of rice" at the top, or the notches on the bearings at the bottom, same difference). The crankpin got spread with Wynn's, the bearings deglazed with worn Jex pads, then tightened to torque (3.3mkg), with a drop of thread lock, and go.
I then move on to the crankcase: making sure not to forget the pins under the bearings, nor the O-rings on the 6 M12 studs. Lifters in place (lubricated with assembly oil), with the outer retaining springs on the right crankcase for handling. I use an aluminum block which I tap with a mallet to properly position the half-bearings (central crankshaft and camshaft)..
I of course re-plugged the 10 oil gallery plugs that I had opened (see this post ), as well as the oil pump outlet (because Full Flow), with the right aluminum plug and its drop of 577 - as gentlemen do.

Two steps back...

Of course, true to my principle of “ it’s never simple ”, in reality it didn’t happen that simply. icone smiley wink

As I don't have a lot of free time between work and family, I try to optimize... And obviously, when we go fast, we take shortcuts and... we miss things. icone smiley laugh
Here, for example, I was convinced that my stock-stroke crankshaft turned without any interference in the case, I had turned it by hand in the half case, and it didn't seem to hit anywhere. So I skipped the trial assembly with torque tightening, and I "permanently" closed the case...

But of course, once closed, there was a counterweight that was rubbing! icone smiley sad

Long story short, that was a day and a half wasted reopening the crankcase, taking everything out, grinding/sanding the edges in the block, cleaning 518 compound around the crankcase, cleaning the dried thread locker on the bolts (each thread, one by one, with a curved tip ), removing the silicone under the washers, re-cleaning the crankcase halves carefully to remove any magnesium dust, etc... Just to get back to the same step.
I'll summarize it for you in 3 photos and we'll get back to it icone smiley laugh:
In France we have a saying : "when you ain't got a brain, you gotta have legs". icone smiley laugh

Closing the case strikes back

Take two of the closure of the block... This time it's the right one, eh? icone smiley wink

So I install (again) the lifters, crankshaft, camshaft, and oil pump. The bearings and camshaft receive their dose of ZDDP grease, and the periphery of the crankcase a thin layer of Loctite 518 (red in the photos).
Let's not forget the plug behind the camshaft, and check that the marks on the camshaft gear align with those on the crankshaft's...
Taking a big breath, after checking 15 more times that I haven't forgotten anything, and finally I close the case.... again. icone smiley laugh
Loctite thread lock on all threads, a touch of RTV silicone under the washers of the 6 large M12 nuts, which are torqued in the prescribed order (in stages, starting at 1mkg, and increased to 3.5mkg in steps of 0.5 mkg). The nuts all around the block are tightened in a star pattern, also in stages, up to 2.5mkg - (15mm nuts with cylinder head washers thanks to the Berg conversion).

And finally... Tada!!! icone smiley laugh
I've already fitted the alternator stand and cylinder heads studs, but for now we'll leave it there.

That's it for now, see you around soon (I promise) for the Long Block! icone smiley wink
Posted in : 1968 Karmann Ghia
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Posted on 09/02/2024 at 11:44

Head lights, Tail lights, and new Shoes

Elvira :
Head lights, Tail lights,
and new Shoes

Headlights

My headlights were not in great shape: pitted reflectors, damaged rims, difficult adjustment because everything was shaking around... They were long due for some improvement.
I started by taking out all the parts that I had put aside for almost 30 years: I had several bowls, supports, various strappings... There's plenty to organize a set of decent headlights in there No??

Well actually, no. I don't have what it takes to make a complete & coherent pair...icone smiley sad
So I ended up falling for a pair of complete "correct period" headlights bought at high price in Hungary, from a specialist who restores them to perfection (akomjathy, see his ads on TheSamba ): supports sandblasted and epoxied, buckets mediablasted and powdercoated to silver, zinc-plated hardware, new seals, re-chromed rims... Beautiful, gorgeous parts, cf. photos from TheSamba ad below:
Well, beautiful parts until the f'ing delivery postman opted to throw the package over my gate. Despite the great packaging by the sender, it didn't withstand a 2 meter fall onto concrete: the result was two broken lenses... It's not as if it hadn't said "FRAGILE" in big red letters on it eh? icone smiley sadicone smiley sadicone smiley sad
I of course opened a claim to La Poste , but I might as well have pissed in the wind. No follow-up, and when I asked for the status of my request, I was told "your complaint is not admissible, the request is closed and you cannot appeal the decision".

I'll allow myself a rant here, you'll excuse me: Dear La Poste, I hope you'll read this: I believe that you are at best a bunch of incompetents, at worst a company with dubious legal methods, whose lack of "customer service" reminds of the interstellar vaccum. I have no doubt that I share this opinion with others (including people who work at La Poste and have confirmed the internal disaster to me). #Fthemallthewaytothemoonandback icone smiley sadicone smiley sad

Long story short, I had to sell my last kidney to buy 2 replacement lenses... And again, I was lucky that only the lenses were damaged, no impact on the chrome or the reflector.
Anywayyyyyyy... This misadventure leaves a bitter taste in my mouth, but now my headlights are great. I fitted them with LED lamps, they shine brightly and now I can drive at night with confidently!

Rear lights

The original rear brake lights are not very visible, I wanted to improve safety... So I converted the lights to LEDs instead.

I bought a pair of LED boards from Chip on TheSamba (see his ad here ). These boards include position lights, brake lights, and turn indicators. The original Elvira only had its semaphores, no flashing indicators, which is unsafe in today's traffic.

The flasher relay is replaced by one that is LED compatible, and in the process I add a motorcycle turn signal indicator ("beep")... Because otherwise I can ride indefinitely with the turn signals flashing!
I'll have to get back to it for the semaphores, which are currently completely disabled. But that will be the occasion for another article! icone smiley laugh
Since I had my hands in the electricity: when I got this car back in '94 I installed an autoradio in the glove box; ruining in the process the original cardboard glove box... Oh hey, don't judge me, I was young and this car was my daily ride to go to university! icone smiley laugh

In short, to go back to the origin, I removed the autoradio, as well as the 6-12V converter that I had built at the time (dated 1994! With its homemade plywood case, we're talking real vintage there!). And I replaced the cardboard glove box with one from the same year, in very good condition. Lookin' better!

Tires and Baby Moons

Elvira was riding on Firestone F560 155R15, with portawall inserts. They were still good from a wear point of view, but... I had them installed 19 years ago! The rubber was dry and as soon as the road was slightly wet it became blurry while driving. It was time to sort this out.

I wanted to go for real whitewalls, and after many comparisons of the few options available on the market (European Classics, Autobahn, Firestone, Coker...), I decided to go with Kontio (Finnish brand) "WhitePaw Classic" in 165/80R15, featuring a 64mm white sidewall, a radial structure, and an acceptable price (167€/piece, where some brands exceed 330€...). The European Classics are a bit cheaper, but the specialist I wanted to buy them from strongly advised against them!
Front wheels alignment was done right after tires where intalled : front axle happened to have 1.5° of toe out... Suffice to say that driving is much, much more reassuring now!
Unfortunately the fitter who balanced my tires installed the weights on the outside... My fault, I should have clarified.
As it's visually terrible, so I replace them with equivalent weights glued on the inside, in the same places as those of the fitter...
Incidentally, the edge of the rim suffered from removing the clamped weights, I touch that up with a small paintbrush and glossy black lacquer...

As for the hubcaps, I had smooth baby moons for almost 30 years, but they were starting to show rust, and above all I wanted to return to a more "stock" look. So I bought the official VW reproductions with the stamped logo, pretty expensive sh*t but really nice product: thick sheet metal, stamped in logo and not (stamped out), deep chrome, protective paint on the interior...

I wanted the VW logos painted black like they were originally. I did so using the "spray & swipe" method:
  • Acetone cleaning
  • Light sanding inside the VW logo to help the paint stick (I go for 600 grit on my fingertip)
  • Re-cleaning with acetone
  • Glossy black spray paint (Motip), in a single fairly thick coat, using cardboard with a cut-out circle to limit overspray...
  • 5-10 minutes later, when the paint has started pulling, I wipe off most of the paint with a cloth soaked in acetone, wrapped around the tip of my finger (you can probably skip that step, I'm not sure it's necessary).
  • Finally, the magic trick: a cloth lightly soaked in acetone, wrapped tightly on a flat block of plywood (or a sanding block), and passed flat, in straight lines, over the logo to remove the surplus.
The result is clean, with well-defined lines. I considered using stickers (you can find them on TheSamba), but ultimately this method works quite well, it takes 10 minutes per hubcap. I only messed up and had to start again once.

... ...and a nice little accessory. icone smiley wink

A very practical little accessory, I added this USB charger hidden in the ashtray.

Installation requires drilling a hole in the ashtray support, and one in the drawer, well aligned so that the power cable can slide when opening/closing.
Good to know: a touch of vaseline on the cable allows it to slide more easily.

This charger allows me to have a Bluetooth speaker on long journeys without worrying about its battery running out...
This charger is produced by a Brazilian company, fits well, but in France its retail price is pretty high for what it is (3D printed support with average finishes...). I broke the CB because I wanted to have it for an upcoming VW outing... But I'm sure there is a way to DIY an equivalent at a lower cost by getting the parts on AliExpress. icone smiley wink *Spoiler Alert*

On the road again

With all that I have an almost pristine MOT inspection (just a little corrosion under the floor...), it's time to go cruising now!
Posted in : 1959 Beetle
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Posted on 23/06/2023 at 15:04

Küby : getting it back on the road... again!

Back on the road... again!
KüBy
Over 15 years after its first overhaul in 2006, I'm coming back for more! But this time I'll do it the right way, not just a rushed quickie job to get to drive it...

Küby was due to go to its MOT test, which I knew it would pass successfully, but at least it gave me a starting point. It already failed its previous test (when I bought it), amongst other things for defective wipers...

So, back to the MOT test to know what I'll have to fix... Test unsurprisingly failed for :
  • braking performances : rear unbalance : AR
  • baking performances : insufficient
  • windshield wipers : not working
  • windshield water sprayer : not working
  • horn : not working
  • steering linkage : front left : major play
  • headlights : not properly adjusted

OK, let's be honest, I knew for sure I'd have quite some work to get it right. So, let's get the stands out and address each point...

Hey, here's my advice buddy : go get yourself a coffee, this is gonna be one long ass post right there. icone smiley wink

Rear brakes

Performances of front brakes were ok as per the MOT, even though I still plan on renovating them too at a later point, at least to paint them as the drums are pretty (SPOILER ALERT : finally I'll fully rebuild them too below!)...

Anyway, on the rear brakes I rebuild everything with brand new parts (last time in 2006 I only replaced the brake cylinders and their hoses, in a rush to drive).
So I replaced cylinders/drums/pads/springs/hoses/hard pipe (I only kept 1 drum, recently replaced by the previous owner, it only had some exterior surface rust). I sandblast the brake plates, and paint them along with the drums (I spray one coat of MOTIP primer, then 2 coats of glossy white from the same brand). Brake cylinders get thoroughly cleaned with brake fluid, and everything put back together with a dab of copper grease on friction points. I won't detail everything, just go read my articles on the beetle brakes rebuild and Ghia brakes rebuild, it's the very same process.
Fine, rear brakes check : next!

Wiper motor

My wipers motor does not run at all... Those are specific to the Thing model and do not exist as repro, so the second-hand ones are really pricey.

So let's fix this one... I unfortunately did not take any pictures during the process as I was trying to do it quickly, but in the end I still spent a good 3 hours on it. Complete disassembly, cleaning the hardened grease stuck everywhere, polishing the axles that got oxidized, got the rotor on the lathe to polish its contacts and remove a couple 1/10mm on its outer diameter (got oxidized and that was grabbing on the stator once in a while, preventing the motor from starting)... Yeah, that took a while.
The coils look a bit too black to me, the motor probably got stuck under tension at some point, causing the coils to overheat.

But anyway, I reassembled it with new clean grease, I also changed the seal around the top cover, as well as the rubber boot protecting the electrical connections (both are available at Paruzzi), changed the sleeving on the wires... And it works perfectly now!

Windshield water sprayer

That's a new one on the MOT test, I had never been asked for that previously... It's getting trickier every year keeping our classics legally on the road. icone smiley sad
Anyway, I got rid of the factory system using the spare wheel pressure. In its stead I install an electric pump right below the water tank, actioned by a small switch I hide behind the stock switch.

I also change the stock tube and sprayer, add a one-way valve to prevent the water from flowing back in the tank, and I'm done. Next!

Horn

"Not working" said the MOT : well that ain't exactly correct, I'd call it "temperamental". icone smiley wink
And it got worse when I started working on the steering column, the horn blasting when I turned to the right.... Argh!!

Well, it's a well known recurring issue on our old VWs... After struggling to find the root cause of the shortcut, I finally changed the steering column top bearing (the old one had a bad play anyway) and the wire that goes through the column.
I also installed a brand new norn behind the bumper, the previous owner having glued one in the front trunk using at least a pound of hot glue (seriously, aSa??? icone smiley laughicone smiley laughicone smiley laugh)...

Well anyway, the horn works perfectly now, but not on its own when I turn right! icone smiley wink

Steering linkage

OK, I can't blame the MOT, the leftmost steering ball joint is completely shot. Heavy play, it's a bit scary to think I drove 20 miles like that to get Küby back from Nice...

I was pretty confident it would be an easy job thanks to my Facom ball joint extractor, planning on just replacing the 4 steering ball joints.
But it wasn't going to be that easy, looks like the ball joint is from the factory, and is completely rust-welded to the spindle after over 50 years, ending up with the extractor breaking! (well, just its axle, which can be bought as spare parts from Facom)

So I took the spindle off of the car, to put in into my hydraulic press (#itsnevereasy). Using an Oxygen Acetylene Torch, WD40, the 6 tons of pressure from the press, and two mallets to hit the ball joint from both sides, it finally came out with a loud "bang" that got my ears to ring for a solid 10 minutes!

Suspension ball joints (and getting carried away)

So... That's the point where I started getting carried away. icone smiley laughicone smiley laughicone smiley laugh

When I took down the steering links, I saw that the spindles were pretty hard to turn by hand, which explained the very stiff steering wheel.
It appears the 4 suspension ball joints got replaced by the previous owner, but the shop who did the job did not align them correctly with the marking on the suspension arm. As a result, after some driving, they had to be pressed out and in again (a big no no here).
The ball joints obviously did not appreciate the treatment (especially the 2 top ones, see pictures), and since I already have removed the spindles, I figured “in for a penny in for a pound”... Let's remove the suspension arms and replace the suspension ball joints (but correctly aligned this time).
I tried to find good quality ball joints, better than the Meyle "German-made-in-Turkey" previously installed, which do not have a great reputation. I end up installing a pair of TRW on top (found on eBay US - nice product but rare and pricey) et de Heyd on the bottom (bought from Paruzzi in Netherlands).

And as usual, while I'm at it, I also give the arms the classic cleaning/bead blasting/degreasing/priming/painting combo. You know what, from now on I'll call that "the combo" for short in this article...
Talking about the combi, since the spindles are out... icone smiley wink

Front brakes (getting even more carried away)

Since I had to remove the brakes to get to the spindle, well... Even though I had not planned on doing it right now, it's still the opportunity to restore them as well, amirite? #morecarriedaway

On one of the front brake plates, the spring plate locking the adjusting wheel was broken... I bought a new one, removed the old and pinned the new one in its stead... And then "The Combo". icone smiley laugh
You got it I guess : in the end everything went through the Combo process : brakes, steering linkage, spindles, suspension arms, tank fittings, pitman arm, steering box bracket...

Nuts & Bolts

Always in the objective of getting everything clean, I treat all the hardware with Brunifast : it's a cold bluing treatment, which turns the steel a nice shiny black (like guns) and provides some rust protection.
Each and every screw, nut, or spanner get sequentially :
  1. cleaned (WD40 and toothbrush, and/or ultrasonic bath)
  2. bead blasted (using my DIY sandblasting cabinet - which just turned 10 yo!)
  3. thoroughly cleaned/degreassed (acetone/brake cleaner)
  4. dried with a heat gun - make sure not to touch the parts to avoid fingerprints
  5. bathed in the bluing solution (2/3mn max, not more, or the black coating won't stick!), while the parts are still hot from the previous step. Bath temperature must be 20°C minimum.
  6. rinsed with clear water
  7. dried with a heat gun - again
  8. bathed in fine oil, while the parts are still hot from the previous step. At least two hours, but overnight is even better.
  9. thoroughly wiped
Actually the black oxide coat is slightly porous and will absorb some oil, which will give the parts this nice shiny aspect, and will provide some rust protection.

The process, as you guessed, is extremely time consuming, parts need to be perfectly prepared for it to work properly. But without this process, the bead blasted nuts & bolts would get rusty pretty quickly... And I gotta admit, it's a blast re-assembling everything with great looking hardware! icone smiley laugh

Steering box

Since I was on the steering and the car was on stands, I tried to adjust the steering box, which always had issues.
I couldn't for the life of me get it correctly adjusted, it caught at some angles then had massive play... In the end I decided to replace it with a brand new one, along with its flector which was the original factory one and was seriously cracked... #gettingevenmorecarriedaway

I did an autopsy of the old steering box... No lubrication because only filled in with old hardened grease stuck to the sides of the box only, and the worm shaft was massively deteriorated, which explained the "sticking" feeling mentioned before. The roller wasn't too bad though.

Reassembly

Time to put everything back together, with a dab of copper grease on the adjustment points to make it easier later... The front beam has been cleaned (WD40 by the gallon, in a spray) before reassembly, just to have something clean to work on. We're not savages.
I then realized that even if Küby had the brackets for the front anti-sway bar, it did not have the actual sway bar itself! So installed a beetle one, which is not ideal as the Thing came from the factory with a bigger one (14.5mm diameter on Things vs. 12mm on Beetles.sur cox), but it will have to do for now.
By the way if any of you guys have a spare Thing sway bar, please let me know...
Sticking to the "It's Never Easy" law (which is a corollary of Murphy's), as I was putting back the front left wheel, torquing the screws... The thread ripped away in the drum. icone smiley sad Graaaaaagh!!
This one had been replaced though... Weird.

So I considered several options :
  • install an helicoil : not great on a security element like that.
  • switch to shoulder studs pressed from inside : I'd have to machine a pocket in the drum as there won't be enough room for the stud's head (it would rub against the brake pad's spring retainer), but with only 8mm thickness I don't really have enough material to do this.
So I ended up buying another new drum, which goes through The Combo again... Phew! icone smiley meh

I also replace the blue hoses between the brake fluid tank and the master cylinder. They were in a pretty bad shape 15 years ago, I had even bought new ones back then but never had the opportunity to install them... Obviously they did not get any better with time, leaking fluid as soon as I touched them. Better late than never I guess?

Long story short, this looks much better, right?
Before...
...After!
Just as a reminder : I was initially planning to change 1 steering ball joint... Talk about getting out of hand!! icone smiley laughicone smiley laughicone smiley laugh

One hiccup I face though : after reassembly I noticed the suspension ball joints were very tight... It's supposed to get better after some driving as the join get run in, but I honnestly couldn't drive like that. I decided to follow a method found on TheSamba : forcing a pre-run in of the ball joints using an impact wrench (see vidéo here or there).
It works well, you just have to go through the process a number of times so the joint doesn't overheat. And now at least the car is driveable. icone smiley wink

Shock absorbers

I replaced the four shock absorbers with gray KYB Gaz-a-Just ones - looks like Küby was still on his factory shocks from 1970! On the rear-left one, the original spacer had been replaced with a piece of pipe, which from a mechanical standpoint doesn't make sense, and actually ended up bending the screw. So I turned a new spacer on the lathe in a piece of scrap steel, bought a new screw, and done...
Before...
...After!

Rear axle

I checked the bearings in the reduction boxes : they had been replaced by the previous owner, they're new, but are waterproof models. I would have preferred standard models, keeping the original oil circulation, but I decided to keep them anyway... I reassembled everything whilst replacing the lip seal and paper gaskets, with some Loctite 518 to prevent any oil leaks.
While I was there, I replaced the swing axle boots, and gave a good cleaning to the whole rear section... I also replaced the fuel hoses - the one between the chassis and the engine was completely shot, and started leaking heavily as soon as I touched it!
I also installed suspension rubber bump stops, which were always absent. The left bump stop bracket got eaten by rust, I gotta weld a new one in place.

...and "a few" more things!

The fuel fill-in hoses always had a tendency to leak, leading to fuel smells when turning to the left. Well, the air vent had simply been plugged, it had to go somewhere... icone smiley laugh
So I also replaced all the hoses, seals and air vents of the tank.
Before...
...During...
After!
On that topic : the "fuel venting hose between tank and T fitting" sold by VW parts resellers is too shorts by a couple centimeters (see middle picture below), I ended up replacing it with 15x23 hose I bought by the length from TopJoint (not a sponsor, free ad here).

I also fix many little things to get the beast more secure and reliable :
  • straightening the rear left wing (that got bent 15 years ago... the wheel got away!), and adding the seals over the wings (and a couple of missing screws under the wings)
  • Adding the battery strap (as usual, I found back the original one in a box after I ordered a new one in the US!)
  • Adding the seals around the doors (they've always been missing)
  • Adding the top and bottom seals on the windscreen (same, never had them)
  • Adjusting the headlights (as required by MOT)
  • Still on the headlights : the switch wasn't working well, I had to jiggle it a little for the lights to turn on... So I disassembled it, cleaned it, polished the contacts, used a bit of electrical spray, adjusted the spring contacts, reassembled... And it works perfectly now!.
  • Engine oil change (Motul 300v 20w60)
  • Gearbox oil change (Motul HD 80W90)
  • Reduction boxes oil change (250ml gearbox oil)
  • Installing a 2kg fire extinguisher below the rear seat (I'm a bit paranoid of fire risk on my classics
  • Installing new straps for the rear seats backrests
  • Changing all light bulbs to LED ones (including a LED-compatible flashing relay, and a motorbike beeper, as once the top is removed I wouldn't ear a thing and drive for miles with the turn signal on)
  • Starter motor : once in a while it would just give a "click" noise and not run at all... I initially thought solenoid, but nope, it was working correctly. In the end it was the motor rotor contacts that got oxidized (the car was stored outside for many years, that probably did not help). So thorough cleaning, polishing, degreasing, and it runs perfect now.
  • Drive door : the little door retainer tab had broken away, so I turned a new one on the lathe.

Well well well. As for "getting it back on the road" I may have gotten a bit far... How many coffees did you have buddy? icone smiley laughicone smiley laugh
Anyway, that should be enough to go back to the MOT holding my head high, as well as driving more safely! icone smiley laugh

I'll have to change its 4 tires soon-ish too. Wouldn't it be a perfect opportunity to change rims?? icone smiley laugh
Posted in : 1970 VW Thing
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